Association of aerobic fitness and body composition in people with down syndrome / Associação de aptidão aeróbia e composição corporal em pessoas com síndrome de down

ABSTRACT People with Down Syndrome (DS) present metabolic differences when compared to the general population, which ends up at a higher prevalence of overweight and lower rates of aerobic fitness. The aim of this study was analysing the association of aerobic fitness and body composition in individuals with DS. Thirty individuals with DS from the city of Londrina / Brazil with a mean age of 18.00±3.66 years were evaluated. The variables body mass index, body fat, and aerobic fitness (VO²peak) were investigated. Men were taller than women, presented a higher percentage of lean body mass and higher VO²peak, while women showed higher means for android, gynoid and total fat. Aerobic fitness was positively associated with bone mineral density and inversely associated with nutritional status, lean body mass and body fat.

RESUMO Pessoas com Síndrome de Down (SD) apresentam diferenças metabólicas quando comparadas à população em geral, o que resulta em maior prevalência de sobrepeso e menores índices de aptidão aeróbia. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação da aptidão aeróbia com a composição corporal em indivíduos com SD. Foram avaliados 30 indivíduos com SD da cidade de Londrina / Brasil com média de idade 18,00±3,66 anos. Foram investigadas as variáveis índice de massa corporal, gordura corporal, e aptidão aeróbia (VO²pico). Os homens foram mais altos que as mulheres, apresentaram maior percentual de massa magra e maior VO²pico, enquanto as mulheres apresentaram maiores médias para gordura andróide, ginóide e total. A aptidão aeróbia associou-se inversamente ao índice de massa corporal, massa magra e gordura corporal.

Do athletes with physical disabilities perceive their quality of life similarly when involved in different Paralympic Sports?

This study aimed to compare the quality of life perception among Boccia, Para-Athletics, and Wheelchair Tennis athletes. Methods: Eighty-six athletes with physical disabilities participated (Boccia = 41; Para Athletics = 14; Wheelchair Tennis = 31) in the study. The data were collected by applying the Brazilian Portuguese version of the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire and a short survey for demographics. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the relationship among the variables considering a confidence level of 95%. Results: Wheelchair Tennis athletes were older and Para-Athletics athletes were involved in this sport for a longer period. The majority of participants perceived positively their overall quality of life and health. Wheelchair Tennis athletes presented higher total quality of life perception scores in comparison to Boccia athletes. Regarding the specific domains of quality of life, Para-Athletics athletes presented higher scores in the psychological domain in comparison to Boccia and Wheelchair Tennis. Wheelchair Tennis presented higher social scores in comparison to Boccia and higher environment scores in comparison to Boccia and Para-Athletics. No differences were found in the physical domain in all groups. Conclusion: The evidence points to the influence of athletes' demographics, the specific nuances of their impairments, and the Paralympic Sports practiced in perceiving the quality of life. Suggestions are made to further explore the factors that may influence the quality of life perception among Paralympic Sports athletes.(AU)

Sedentary behavior based on screen time: prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors in adolescents.

The aim of this study to estimate the prevalence of sedentary behavior based on screen time (≥ 2-hour day) and to identify the association with sociodemographic factors among adolescents in a city in southern Brazil. This is an epidemiological survey of school-based cross-sectional study with students aged 14-19 years in the city of São José/SC - Brazil. Self-administered questionnaire was used, containing information sociodemographic, level of physical activity and about screen time. Descriptive statistics were performed, and odds ratios were estimated using binary logistic regression and 95% confidence level. The prevalence of excess screen time was 86.37% followed by computer use (55.24%), TV use (51.56%) and Videogame use (15.35%). Boys had higher prevalence of excessive video game use. Those of skin color different from white and mothers who studied less than eight years were more likely to watch too much TV, and those of low economic level were more likely of having excessive screen time. Girls of skin color different from white were more likely to watch too much TV, and those aged 14-16 years were more likely to have videogame use time and total time screen above recommended.

Sedentary behavior based on screen time: prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors in adolescents / Comportamento sedentário baseado em tempo de tela: prevalência e fatores sociodemográficos associados em adolescentes

Abstract The aim of this study to estimate the prevalence of sedentary behavior based on screen time (≥ 2-hour day) and to identify the association with sociodemographic factors among adolescents in a city in southern Brazil. This is an epidemiological survey of school-based cross-sectional study with students aged 14-19 years in the city of São José/SC - Brazil. Self-administered questionnaire was used, containing information sociodemographic, level of physical activity and about screen time. Descriptive statistics were performed, and odds ratios were estimated using binary logistic regression and 95% confidence level. The prevalence of excess screen time was 86.37% followed by computer use (55.24%), TV use (51.56%) and Videogame use (15.35%). Boys had higher prevalence of excessive video game use. Those of skin color different from white and mothers who studied less than eight years were more likely to watch too much TV, and those of low economic level were more likely of having excessive screen time. Girls of skin color different from white were more likely to watch too much TV, and those aged 14-16 years were more likely to have videogame use time and total time screen above recommended.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de comportamentos sedentários baseado em tempo de tela (≥ 2 horas por dia) e identificar a associação com fatores sociodemográficos em adolescentes, de uma cidade do Sul do Brasil. Esta é uma pesquisa epidemiológica de base escolar com delineamento transversal, em estudantes de 14 a 19 anos na cidade de São José/SC, Brasil. Foi utilizado questionário autoaplicado, com informações sociodemográficas, atividade física e tempo de uso de tela. Foi realizada estatística descritiva, e as razões de chances estimadas por regressão logística binária. A prevalência de uso excessivo de tela foi de 86,37% seguido de uso de computador (PC) (55,24%), televisão (TV) (51,56%) e videogame (VG) (15,35%). Os meninos tiveram maior prevalência de uso excessivo de VG. Aqueles de cor de pele diferente de branca e que mães estudaram menos de oito anos tiveram mais chances de assistirem TV em excesso, e aqueles, de baixo nível econômico tiveram mais chances de terem tempo total de tela excessivo. Meninas de cor de pele diferente de branca tiveram mais de assistirem TV em excesso, e aquelas com 14 a 16 anos tiveram mais chances de estarem com tempo de uso de VG e tempo total de tela acima do recomendado.

Presença simultânea de excesso de peso e horas de sono insuficientes em adolescentes: prevalência e fatores correlatos / Simultaneous presence of excess weight and insufficient hours of sleep in adolescents: prevalence and related factors

INTRODUCTION: An increase in excess body fat and a decrease in the number of hours of sleep per day are health problems affecting the paediatric population. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the combined prevalence of overweight and insufficient sleep/day in adolescents, and the association with sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. METHODS: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted with 1,132 participants from 14 to 19 years old in São José, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Body fat was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and classified by the Z-score, while adolescents reported the total hours of sleep/day. Sociodemographic data, physical activity and sedentary behaviour were collected by self-filled questionnaire. RESULTS: The simultaneous prevalence of overweight and insufficient sleep/day was 17.5%. The factors associated with this condition were to meet the recommendations of the practice of physical activity per week, participate in gym class twice/week and period greater/equal to four hours/day in front of the screen. CONCLUSION: Guidelines in the school environment in relation to health problems posed by weight excess and the amount of insufficient hours sleep can be present when recommendations on physical activity and sedentary behaviour are given to students.

INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento do excesso de gordura corporal e a diminuição do número de horas de sono/dia são agravos à saúde que atingem a população pediátrica. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência combinada de excesso de peso e horas de sono/dia insuficientes em adolescentes, e verificar a associação com características sociodemográficas, de atividade física e comportamento sedentário. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base escolar, realizado com 1.132 participantes de 14 a 19 anos de idade, em São José, Brasil. A gordura corporal foi avaliada pelo Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e classificado por meio do escore-Z, enquanto o total de horas de sono/dia foi relatado pelos adolescentes. Os dados sociodemográficos, de atividade física e comportamento sedentário foram levantados por questionário autopreenchível. RESULTADOS: A prevalência simultânea de excesso de peso e horas de sono/dia insuficientes foi de 17,5%. Os fatores associados a esta condição foram atender as recomendações de prática de atividade física semanal, participar da aula de educação física duas vezes/semana e período maior/igual a quatro horas/dia em frente a tela. CONCLUSÃO: Orientações no ambiente escolar em relação aos problemas à saúde acarretados pelo excesso de peso e pela quantidade de horas de sono insuficientes podem se fazer presentes quando recomendações sobre atividade física e comportamento sedentário forem dadas aos estudantes.

Associação do estado nutricional com aptidão física relacionada à saúde em adultos com deficiência intelectual / Association between nutritional status and of health-related fitness in adults with intellectual disabilities

Resumo A obesidade é um problema da saúde pública que tem reflexo direto nos níveis de aptidão física relacionada à saúde, principalmente em pessoas com deficiência intelectual (DI) por uma série de limitações cognitivas e sociais devido à deficiência. O objetivo do estudo é identificar a associação do estado nutricional com os níveis de aptidão física relacionado à saúde em pessoas com DI. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma instituição com 31 homens adultos, tendo a avaliação do estado nutricional sido realizada por meio do IMC, e os testes de aptidão física relacionado à saúde com uso da Bateria de Brockport adaptada (avaliação da adiposidade, teste de flexibilidade, força/resistência muscular e capacidade aeróbia). Utilizou-se a análise de covariância para comparar os grupos eutróficos e o excesso de peso em relação aos componentes de aptidão física relacionados à saúde e o teste exato de Fisher para verificar associação entre as variáveis. A maioria dos adultos não atingiu os critérios mínimos para a saúde. Adultos com excesso de peso (IMC) apresentaram maiores valores de percentual de gordura corporal e menores níveis de força/resistência muscular do que os eutróficos. Os indícios da associação entre excesso de peso com altos níveis de percentual de gordura e baixos níveis de força/resistência muscular alerta para a necessidade de programas específicos para população com DI.

Abstract Obesity is a public health problem that has a direct impact on levels of physical fitness and health, especially in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) for a series of cognitive and social limitations due to disability. The objective of the study is to identify the association between nutritional status and levels of health-related fitness in people with ID. The research was conducted in an institution with 31 adult men that the assessment of nutritional status was performed using BMI, and physical fitness tests related to health with use of adapted Brockport battery (assessment of adiposity, flexibility test, muscular strength / endurance and aerobic capacity). If you used the covariance analysis to compare groups eutrophic and overweight in relation to the components of physical fitness and health and the Fisher exact test to verify the association between variables. Most adults did not meet the minimum criteria for health. Adults who are overweight (BMI) had higher percentage values of body fat and lower levels of muscular strength / endurance than eutrophic. The Association of evidence between overweight with high percentage of fat levels and low levels of muscular strength / endurance alert to the need for specific programs for people with ID.